He not only. The standard format for an argumentative essay is as follows: An effective argument contains all of the necessary components (claim, reasons, evidence, counterclaims) while keeping the intended audience in mind. In an argument, your, 'My cell phone doesn't have Internet access,' would need to be beefed up a little, to, 'My current cell phone doesn't provide Internet access, which is necessary for me to complete all my homework.' Get the Writing Style Posters FREE Resource: Grammar/Mechanics, Literacy Centers, Study Skills, Writing argument essay, argumentative essay, common core writing standards, counterargument sentence frames, Counterarguments, Counterclaim and Refutation Sentence Frames, counterclaim sentence frames, counterclaim transitions, Counterclaims, essay argument, essay strategies, Mark Pennington, Opposing Claims, rebut, Rebuttal, Refutation, refute, Teaching Essay Strategies, writing style, and receive a free welcome gift! How did Douglas remove his residual doubts about his fear of water? He states, The offence for which this girl was thus murdered was this: She had been set that night to mind Mrs. Hickss baby, and during the night she fell asleep, and the baby cried. This anecdote, among many others, is helpful in persuading the reader to understand the severity of rule slaveholders hold above their slaves. [57] Douglass, Schools Are a Common Platform of Nationality, May 9, 1872, in Douglass Papers, Vol. The rise of this abolitionist agitation would alarm slaveholders, who would respond by attempting to suppress abolitionist speech and to strengthen and perpetuate their political power by expanding slaverys presence in federal territories, thus preparing the admission of additional slave states. Slavery can be viewed as one of the greatest examples of immoral treatment towards African Americans in the United States alone. No people can prosper, Douglass reiterated late in life, unless they have a home, or the hope of a home; and to have a home, one must have a country.[61] America was AfricanAmericans proper home, he maintained, their only realistic alternative and also the locus of their highest ideals. It opened my eyes to the horrible pit, but to no ladder upon which to get out (47). In the book called The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, he attempts to shine light on the American Slave system in the 1800s. The reasons of an argument are the reasoning or logical proof provided to prove the argument. The implication was that the agitation that abolitionists had begun could never be finally pacified until slavery was finally abolished. [30] Life and Writings, Vol. Tell why all or part of the opposing point of view may be reasonable, plausible, or valid, but minimize the opposing position. https://www.facebook.com/groups/sorliteracyhub, Enter code 3716 for 10% Discount on all ELA and Reading Intervention Programs. how does douglass refute this counterclaim? the debate over slavery? To this day, Douglass endures unequalled as the invincible adversary of racial despair and disaffectionthe preeminent exemplar and apostle of hopefulness in the American promise of justice for all. He taught them through all their hardships to love their country and their future in it. III, p. 274. To reaffirm the old integrationist faith in America, Myers turns to the renowned 19th century abolitionist and advocate of civil and political equality Frederick Douglass. His emphasis on property rights grounded in productive, opportunistic laboring went hand-in-hand with a respect for blacks equal capacity for cultivating and perfecting the self-elevating virtues. In that position, Douglasss fame grew rapidly, and with it came controversy and heightened personal danger. In the long history of AfricanAmerican political thought, there is no more forceful proponent of the cause of integration than Douglass, and there is no more insightful analyst of the varieties and dangers of national and racial disintegration. A rebuttal is when the author disproves an argument. The 4 parts of an argumentative essay are the claim, counterclaim, reasoning, and evidence. Contrary to conventional wisdom, it's much more costly to execute a person than to imprison them for life" (Andre and Velasquez). James M. Washington (New York: HarperCollins, 1986), pp. Religion and intellectual inferiority were concepts that were used to manipulate the minds of everyone around into believing that practicing slavery was acceptable. parentheses that agrees with the subject. in Professional Writing and Rhetoric from the University of New Orleans and a B.A. Education empowers people to make good decisions and paves a future that provides opportunities. But this is the opinion of the Founding and, more generally, of the nations basic moral architecture that critics have propounded widely in todays schools and universities. For example, This evidence may be true; however, the objection does not change the fact that. After giving your reason, if your mom is anything like mine, she'll probably say, 'So?' Douglass wanted to show his opposition to slavery and knew he would meet many criticisms. 2023 eNotes.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved, Masterplots II: African American Literature Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, Written by Himself Analysis, Critical Edition of Young Adult Fiction Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, Written by Himself Analysis, Critical Context (Masterplots II: African American Literature), Critical Context (Critical Edition of Young Adult Fiction), Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave, Written by Himself, Frederick Douglass. Douglass made these particular remarks in a speech at the dedication of an industrial education institution in the state of Virginia, but they represent an extension of his broader advocacy, in this period, of a federally established system of public schools. Children would be separated from their mothers before they were twelve months in age-Frederick too was separated from his mother. Frederick Douglass pure story telling in the Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass directly goes against any argument for slavery from Fitzhugh, by revealing the harshness of the institution of slavery and the individuals behind it. [55] My Bondage and My Freedom, in Autobiographies, p. 287; Douglass, Self-Elevation, in Life and Writings, Vol. [29] Douglass, Speech at the Unveiling of The Freedmens Monument, April 14, 1876, in Life and Writings, Vol. In fact, he contended, the Constitution was more than merely anti-slavery. He cites literacy as a pathway to humanity and ultimately freedom, one which he ironically discovered when Mr. Auld made his feelings about black literacy known. II, pp. They also remarked that slaves were often singing, which was said to prove they were happy, asserted that slaves were well taken of with cradle-to-grave security offered by benign masters, and argued that Christianity insured that white slave owners treated slaves with compassion. Drawing upon that faith, he taught black Americans and all other Americans to stand up for justice and to strive for excellence. A counterclaim is the opposite of the argument, or the opposing argument. In his reasonable faith in their ultimate triumph in America, Douglass found an enormous reservoir of strength that he labored to share with others. Scarcely less important than suffrage as a guarantor of personal security were property rights. Why, then, did Douglass speak as harshly as he did? Your reason is because yours doesn't have Internet access, and your evidence says that students with Internet access make better grades. In response, however, influential scholars and activists have embraced a radical critique of America that is much more likely to worsen those problems than it is to resolve them. The labor and stripes that accompanied slaveryeven its lasting material deprivationsdid not reach the depth of its harmful effects in Douglasss estimation. Abstract: Nearly 50 years after Martin Luther King delivered his memorable I have a dream speech, there is a growing consensus that the civil rights movement, despite some important victories, has been a failure. Douglass says that laws in the South are anti-black. Doubts arose as to whether so skilled an orator could ever have been a slave, and Douglass responded by writing his first autobiography. Second, it indicates Douglasss reluctance to support more radical measures such as the plan for confiscation proposed in 1867 by Pennsylvania Congressman Thaddeus Stevens, leader of the Radical Republicans in the House of Representatives. Cliquestrickland and jones funeral home obituaries. Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, Latest answer posted March 08, 2021 at 10:42:24 AM. The Constitution, as well as the Declaration of Independence, and the sentiments of the founders of the Republic, give us a plat-form broad enough, and strong enough, to support the most comprehensive plans for the freedom and elevation of all the people of this country, without regard to color, class, or clime. With due respect to King and to other stalwarts of the 20th-century movement, I submit that in the search for the most thoughtful proponents of the pro-integration, pro-America argument, there is no worthier object of our attention than the life and thought of the greatest of their 19th-century predecessors, the renowned abolitionist and advocate of civil and political equality Frederick Douglass. At the end of this excerpt, what encouraging signs does Douglass find? While conceding that these critics have a point, Peter C. Myers faults them for embracing a radical critique of America that rejects Americas founding principles as racist, abandons the goal of integration, and fosters alienation. The hook should be on-topic and supportive of the author's argument. Identify two biblical allusions Douglass makes, and then explain how each contributes to Douglass's overall argument -He wants to use any means to convince people to end slavery. In your argument for a new cell phone, your mom stands on the other side. Writing Revision: How to Fix Mistakes in Your Writing, AEPA English Language Arts (NT301): Practice & Study Guide, AEPA Middle Grades English Language Arts (NT201): Practice & Study Guide, Common Core ELA Grade 8 - Literature: Standards, 10th Grade English: Homework Help Resource, 11th Grade English: Homework Help Resource, Study.com ACT® Test Prep: Help and Review, Study.com ACT® Test Prep: Tutoring Solution, 11th Grade English Curriculum Resource & Lesson Plans, 12th Grade English Curriculum Resource & Lesson Plans, Common Core ELA Grade 7 - Speaking & Listening: Standards, Create an account to start this course today. I have no country. He could feel no attachment to America, he explained, for reasons that ran deeper than the countrys unjust practices. What does Frederick Douglass mean when he says "Bread of Knowledge"? An effective argumentative essay utilizes the following four components of an argument: The claim is the author's central argument that they are trying to persuade the audience to believe. There are three parts of the structure of an argumentative essay: introduction, body, and conclusion. Why is Douglass surprised by New Bedford in Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass? Attorney Douglass does not refute any specific findings by the trial court, but simply claims in a conclusory manner that there was . Frederick Douglass's America: Race, Justice, and the Promise of the Then, it's time for your evidence, which, again, you have thoughtfully and thoroughly prepared. [13] Douglass, My Bondage and My Freedom, in Autobiographies, p. 392. He understands that education is his only way out of slavery. 'My friends that have Internet access make the Honor Roll.'. Frederick Douglass (1818-1895) was a former slave who became a nationally recognized abolitionist orator during the antebellum period. When you're preparing an argument, make sure to note where you got your evidence. Douglasss great cause was integration, and his great theme was hopefulnessrationally grounded hopefulnessin Americas capacity to secure justice for all, irrespective of race, color, sex, or creed. To the contrary, among such commentators there appears to be a growing consensus that, despite its important victories, the civil rights movement must be judged as on the whole a failure. Most enslaved people did not resist so openly, and fewer still ran away as Douglass did, but all, he makes clear, struggled to retain their humanity in the face of slavery's brutality. In the opinion shared by Taney, Marshall, and many present-day professors, teachers, and students, the stain of racial exclusion suffuses both the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence. In fact, weve already writtenour argumentative essays on whether Phoebe was a good friend to Sal. Of course the writing prompt is a bit more complex. Evidence provides factual proof for the reasons in an argument and can consist of facts, data, statistics, published study results, and quoted experts. Douglasss postwar arguments were consistent with this position. The grave danger was that reunion and peace would be purchased at the cost of obscuring the moral principles that remained in contest. What Are the Parts of an Argumentative Essay? - Study.com The existence of capital punishment deters violent crimes, Bringing up counterclaims provides the author with a sense of, Bringing up counterclaims allows the author to provide a, This above quote is an example of strong evidence because it directly relates to the claim and reasoning, providing factual evidence of the actual cost of capital punishment versus life in prison. I will focus my attention on how education allowed Douglass to understand how slavery was wrong, and how the Americans saw the blacks as not equal, and only suitable for slave work. How does Douglass refute this counterclaim? The body can be organized by reasoning, with the author providing three reasons as the topic sentences for the three paragraphs, then using further reasoning and evidence to prove the topic sentence. Even though we must face the difficulties of today and tomorrow, King told his audience, I still have a dream. An argumentative essay is an essay in which the writer tries to persuade a particular audience that their claim or point of view is correct. For Douglasss ultimately irrepressible faith in America was not at all a natural inheritance or an easy acquisition. "In addition to wasting lives, the death penalty also wastes money. In Americas dedication to principles of natural human rights set forth in the Declaration of Independence, Douglass found reason to love and identify with his country, despite the injustices that he and his people had suffered.

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